If both my spouse and I are entitled to Social Security benefits, is there any reduction in the Social Security payments?
When each member of a married couple works in employment covered under Social Security and they meet all other eligibility requirements to receive Social Security retirement benefits, their lifetime earnings are calculated independently to determine their Social Security benefit amounts. Therefore, each spouse receives a monthly benefit amount based on his or her own earnings. Couples are not penalized simply because they are married. If one member of the couple earned low wages or failed to earn enough Social Security credits (40) to be insured for retirement benefits, he or she may be eligible to receive benefits as a spouse.
"American depositary receipt" is a certificate issued by a United States depository bank representing foreign shares held by the bank. One ADR may represent a portion of a foreign share, one share or a bundle of shares of a foreign corporation. American Depository Shares ("ADS") are a similar form of certification. ADR's are often traded on a stock exchange.