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Personal Finance Glossary



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Date of Issue
"Date of issue," in connection with bonds, refers to the date that the bond is issued and when... more
 
Date of Record
The term "date of record" refers to the date on which a stockholder must officially be on the... more
 
Day Trading
"Day trading" refers to the purchase and sale of securities (often the same securities) on the same... more
 
Deal Flow
"Deal flow" refers to the rate (or "flow") at which investment proposals or business plans come to... more
 
Debenture
A "debenture" is an unsecured debt obligation of an issuer. The terms of a debenture are typically... more
 
Debit Card
A "debit card" is a card that resembles a credit card but purchases on the card result in an... more
 
Debt
"Debt" typically refers to... more
 
Debt Consolidation
"Debt consolidation" is a process of combining debts into one loan or repayment plan. Debt... more
 
Debt Counseling
"Debt counseling" is counseling that helps individuals focus on reorganizing outstanding debts into... more
 
Debt Financing
The term "debt financing" is the borrowing of money by a government or a business, usually in... more
 
Debt holder
"Debt holder" is a holder of bonds or... more
 
Debt Instrument
A "debt instrument" is a contract which sets forth the terms and conditions of a loan between a... more
 
Debt Restructuring
The term "debt restructuring" refers to the process of renegotiating the terms and conditions of... more
 
Debt Security
A "debt security" is a contract which sets forth the terms and conditions of a loan between a... more
 
Debt Service
"Debt service" refers to the amount of funds necessary to meet the periodic payments of principal... more
 
Debt-to-Income Ratio
"Debt-to-income ratio" refers to a calculation of how much your monthly fixed payments (minimum... more
 
Debt/Equity Ratio
The term "debt/equity ratio" refers to a measure of a company's debt leverage calculated by... more
 
Debtor
A "debtor" is a person or entity who owes money to another... more
 
Debtor in Possession
A "debtor in possession" is a company that continues to operate under Chapter 11 of the U.S.... more
 
Debtor-in-Possession Financing
"Debtor-in-possession financing" is new debt obtained by a company during a Chapter 11 bankruptcy... more
 
Decimalization
The term "decimalization" refers to the changing of prices that securities trade at from fractions... more
 
Declaration Date
A "declaration date" is the date on which a corporation's Board of Directors formally... more
 
Declared Dividend
A "declared dividend" is a dividend payment that has been authorized or approved by a... more
 
Deductible
A "deductible" is the amount of the loss which a person is responsible to pay under an insurance... more
 
Deduction
A "deduction" is an expense that is allowed as a reduction of gross taxable income for tax... more
 
Deed
A "deed" is a legal instrument used for transferring title to real estate from one party to... more
 
Deed of Trust
A "deed of trust" is a legal contract that grants (or creates) a security interest in real property... more
 
Deep in the Money
The term "deep in the money" often refers to a (1) call option whose exercise price is considerably... more
 
Default
A "default" is the failure to perform a legal obligation. For example, a mortgage or deed of... more
 
Default Risk
"Default risk" refers to the risk of non-payment by a borrower under a... more
 
Deferred Compensation
"Deferred compensation" refers to compensation earned by an employee but paid at a later date,... more
 
Deferred Income Tax
A "deferred income tax" is a liability recorded on a company's balance sheet for tax that will... more
 
Defined Benefit Plan
A "defined benefit plan" is a pension plan set up by a company to make specified payments to... more
 
Defined Contribution Plan
A "defined contribution plan" is a pension plan set up by a company to make specified contribution... more
 
Deflation
"Deflation" is a general decline in the prices of goods and services. It is the opposite of... more
 
Delinquency
"Delinquency" is a term used for failure by a borrower or debtor to make payment on a loan, debt or... more
 
Delisting
"Delisting" refers to the removal of a listed company or securities from listing on a stock... more
 
Demand Deposit
A "demand deposit" is a bank deposit that can be withdrawn by the depositor at any time. A... more
 
Demand for Payment
A "demand for payment" is typically a letter or other notice demanding payment for overdue sums. A... more
 
Demand for Rent
A "Demand for Rent" is typically a letter or other notice demanding payment from a tenant for... more
 
Demand Loan
A "demand loan" is a loan that must be repaid in full, on demand by the... more
 
Department of Commerce
The "Department of Commerce" is the U.S. Cabinet Department which encourages and promotes the... more
 
Department of Treasury
The "Department of Treasury" is the U.S. Cabinet Department which performs several functions:... more
 
Deposit Insurance
"Deposit insurance" is insurance, usually by a government entity (such as the Federal Deposit... more
 
Depositary Receipt
A "depositary receipt" is a security that is traded on a local stock exchange but represents a... more
 
Depository Institution
A "depository institution" is a financial institution that obtains its funds mainly through... more
 
Depreciate
"Depreciate" means to fall in value or price. Equipment and cars typically depreciate... more
 
Depreciation
"Depreciation" is the decrease in the value of an asset from wear and tear and the passage of time.... more
 
Derivative
A "derivative" is a financial instrument that changes in value in relation to the price movements... more
 
Derivative Security
A "derivative security" is a financial security whose value is derived in part from the value and... more
 
Direct Deposit
A "direct deposit" is the automatic deposit of wages or benefits to a customer's bank account.... more
 
Direct Participation Program
A "direct participation program" is an investment vehicle typically structured as a limited... more
 
Direct Stock Purchase Plan
A "direct stock purchase plan" is a program that allows an investor to purchase stock directly from... more
 
Director
A "director" is a member of the Board of Directors of a corporation, which is the governing body of... more
 
Disability Income Insurance
"Disability income insurance" is an insurance policy that insures a worker in the event of a... more
 
Discount Bond
A "discount bond" is a bond trading at a discount from par or its face... more
 
Discount Broker
A "discount broker" is a stock brokerage house that charges relatively low commission rates for... more
 
Discount Note
A "discount note" is an unsecured non-interesting bearing debt obligation that is issued at a... more
 
Discounted Cash Flow
"Discounted cash flow" is the value of an investment (measured in terms of the cash invested and... more
 
Discretionary Income
"Discretionary income" is the amount of an individual's income available for spending after all... more
 
Disposable Income
"Disposable income" is the amount of personal income that an individual has available after... more
 
Distressed Securities
A "distressed security" is a bond or stock of a company undergoing or expected to undergo... more
 
Distribution
The term "distribution"often refers to (1) the income or capital gain made by a mutual fund that is... more
 
Diversification
"Diversification" refers to the spreading of investments among different categories of assets or... more
 
Diversified Fund
A "diversified fund" is a mutual fund that invests in a diversity of securities across a variety of... more
 
Divestiture
The term "divestiture" refers to the disposition of all or part of a business, asset or investment... more
 
Dividend
A "dividend" is a distribution of money or stock that a corporation pays to its stockholders. A... more
 
Dividend Policy
The term "dividend policy" refers to the policy of a corporation with respect to the amount of... more
 
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
A "dividend reinvestment plan" or "DRIP" is a company plan providing for an automatic reinvestment... more
 
Dividend Yield
A dividend yield" is a ratio that shows how much a company pays out in dividends each year relative... more
 
DJIA
The "DJIA" or "Dow Jones Industrial Average" is the best known general index of stocks. The index... more
 
DJTA
The "DJTA" or "Dow Jones Transportation Average" is an index based on the market prices of 20... more
 
DJUA
The "DJUA" or "Dow Jones Utility Average" monitors the stock performance of 15 gas, electric and... more
 
Dollar-Cost Averaging
"Dollar cost averaging" refers to an investment strategy of buying securities in fixed dollar... more
 
Domain Name Purchase Agreement
A "domain name purchase agreement" is a contract where the owner of a domain name (e.g.,... more
 
Dow Jones Industrial Average
The "DJIA" or "Dow Jones Industrial Average" is the best known general index of stocks. The index... more
 
Dow Jones Transportation Average
The "Dow Jones Transportation Average" or "DJTA" is based on an index of 20 stocks in the... more
 
Dow Jones Utility Average
The "Dow Jones Utility Average" or "DJUA" monitors the stock performance of 15 gas, electric and... more
 
Dow Theory
"Dow theory" is a theory that major market trends depend on how the Dow Jones Industrial Average... more
 
Down Payment
A "down payment" with reference to a home or other real estate purchase refers to the cash portion... more
 
Downgrade
The term "downgrade" is often used in the stock market to refer to a analyst's change in the... more
 
Downtick
The term "downtick" refers to how a stock has traded on a stock exchange when compared to the... more
 
DPP
A "DPP" or "direct participation program" is an investment vehicle typically structured as a... more
 
Drag Along Rights
"Drag along rights "refer to a contractual right in an investment contract that large or majority... more
 
DRIP
A "DRIP" or "dividend reinvestment plan" is a company plan providing for an automatic reinvestment... more
 
Dual Listing
"Dual listing" refers to a company's securities being listed on more than one stock exchange... more
 
Due Diligence
"Due diligence" is the process of a review of a company's operations, financial statements,... more
 
Due Diligence Checklist
A "due diligence checklist" is a checklist typically used by acquirers of businesses or venture... more
 
Due Diligence Questionnaire
A "due diligence questionnaire" is a questionnaire given to the company being reviewed for a... more
 
Due on Sale Clause
A "due on sale clause" is a contract provision often found in a mortgage or deed of trust providing... more
 
Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare
A "durable power of attorney for healthcare" is a document in which a person is appointed to make... more
 
Durables
"Durables" are a type of consumer product that do not have to be purchased frequently and intended... more
 
Dutch Auction
A "Dutch auction" is a method used in the sale of securities in which the security's offer... more
 

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